AWS CLI - DynamoDB

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The DynamoDB table does not have a schema other than the default key.

You must set the default key (unique identifier) when you create the table.

There are two primary keys (link)

  • Simple primary key: only partition key (HASH) is present in the table
  • The output of the hash function determines the physical partition to store the item.
  • Composite primary key: If the table has a partition key (HASH) and an alignment key (RANGE)
  • All items with the same partition key are sorted based on the alignment key.
  • Multiple items may have the same partition key, but the sort key cannot overlap within the same partition.

Secondary Index

  • Multiple auxiliary indexes may be generated for each table.
  • A partition key must be defined when creating an index.
  • Additional data capacity is required because data is stored separately using storage space.
  • generation method
  • Global Secondary Index(GSI): When using a different partition key and alignment key than the primary table
  • Local Secondary Index(LSI): If the primary table has the same partition key but different sort keys.No additional write capacity or read capacity because it does not create separate storage space.Can only be set when creating tables and cannot be added or deleted after creation.

This article notes how to handle DynamoDB through the Amazon Command Line Interface (CLI).

AWS CLI Install

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✗ curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/AWSCLIV2.pkg" -o "AWSCLIV2.pkg"
✗ sudo installer -pkg AWSCLIV2.pkg -target /
✗ which aws
/usr/local/bin/aws
✗ rm AWSCLIV2.pkg
✗ aws --version
aws-cli/2.11.3 Python/3.11.2 Darwin/21.6.0 exe/x86_64 prompt/off

Table list

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 aws dynamodb list-tables

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# aws dynamodb list-tables --endpoint-url http://localhost:4566
{
    "TableNames": []
}

When setting endpoint-url, you must include http, https, and port numbers.

Creating a table

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aws dynamodb create-table \
--table-name {TableName} \
--attribute-definitions AttributeName={TableKeyAttributeName},AttributeType={S/N/B} \
--key-schema AttributeName={TableKeyAttributeName},KeyType={HASH/RANG}

attribute-defined: defines the default key attribute.

  • AttributeName: Property Name
  • AttributeType: Property Type(S:String, N:Number, B:Binary)

key-schema: Defines the default key role.

  • AttributeName: Property name to specify role
  • KeyType: Property Role
  • HASH: Partition key
  • RANGE: Sort Key

Example

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# aws dynamodb create-table \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable \
--attribute-definitions \
 AttributeName=id,AttributeType=N \
 AttributeName=createdAt,AttributeType=S \
--key-schema \
 AttributeName=id,KeyType=HASH \
 AttributeName=createdAt,KeyType=RANGE \
--provisioned-throughput ReadCapacityUnits=5,WriteCapacityUnits=5

When using json files

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# aws dynamodb create-table \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--cli-input-json file://create_table.json

JSON

{
  "TableName": "myTable",
  "AttributeDefinitions": [
    {
      "AttributeName": "id",
      "AttributeType": "S"
    }
  ],
  "KeySchema": [
    {
      "AttributeName": "id",
      "KeyType": "HASH"
    }
  ],
  "ProvisionedThroughput": {
    "ReadCapacityUnits": 10,
    "WriteCapacityUnits": 5
  }
}

Delete Table

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aws dynamodb delete-table --table-name {TableName}

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# aws dynamodb delete-table \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable

Check whether the table is active

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aws dynamodb describe-table --table-name {TableName} | grep TableStatus

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# aws dynamodb describe-table \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable | grep TableStatus

Register/renew an item

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aws dynamodb put-item --table-name {TableName} --item '{"{AttributeName}":{"{AttributeType}":"{Value}"}}'

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# aws dynamodb put-item \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable \
--item \
 '{"id":{"N":"1"},"createdAt":{"S":"2023-03-23 10:23:12"},"sessionKey":{"S":"A12314EHDF"}}'

When using json files

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# aws dynamodb put-item \
--endpoint-url http://phdkim-dynamodb:8301 \
--table-name myTable \
--item file://myTable_put_item.json

JSON

{
    "id":{"N":"1"},
    "createdAt":{"S":"2023-03-23 10:23:12"},
    "sessionKey":{"S":"A12314EHDF"}
}

Delete item

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aws dynamodb delete-item --table-name {TableName} --key '{PrimaryKey}'

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# aws dynamodb delete-item \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable \
--key '{"id":{"N":"1"},"createdAt":{"S":"2023-03-23 10:23:12"}}'

Item inquiry

If it is a composite basic key, the partition key and the alignment key are designated together and inquired.

Returns all item properties by default.

Match Lookup

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aws dynamodb get-item --table-name {TableName} --key '{PrimaryKey}'

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# aws dynamodb get-item \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable \
--key '{"id":{"N":"1"},"createdAt":{"S":"2023-03-23 10:23:12"}}'

Use projection expressions to query only some item properties.

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# aws dynamodb get-item \
--table-name myTable \
--key file://myTable_search_key.json \
--projection-expression "Description, RelatedItems"

Full Inquiry

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aws dynamodb scan --table-name {TableName}

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# aws dynamodb scan \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable

Conditions Inquiry

Find available condition functions here

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aws dynamodb query --table-name {TableName}

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# aws dynamodb query \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable \
--key-condition-expression "id = :i" \
--expression-attribute-values '{":i":{"N":"1"}}'
  • key-condition-expression: Sets the default key condition.
  • expression-attribute-values: Sets the value to replace the attribute value in the condition expression.

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# aws dynamodb query \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable \
--key-condition-expression "id = :i" \
--filter-expression "#u >= :num" \
--expression-attribute-names '{"#u":"user_id"}' \
--expression-attribute-values '{":i":{"N":"1"},":num":{"S":"2"}}'
  • filter-expression:setting non-key conditions
  • expression-attribute-names: Sets the value to replace the attribute name in the condition expression.

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# aws dynamodb query \
--endpoint-url http://localhost:4566 \
--table-name myTable \
--key-condition-expression 'id = :a AND createdAt BETWEEN :t1 AND :t2' \
--expression-attribute-values '{
    ":a": {"N": "1"}, 
    ":t1": {"S": "2023-04-07 01:03:12"}, 
    ":t2": {"S": "2023-04-07 10:03:12"}
}'

Reference

an official document

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